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Integrated approach to winery waste: waste generation and data consolidation

Margarida OLIVEIRA,Elizabeth DUARTE

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第1期页码 168-176 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0693-6

摘要： The winemaking process involves the generation of a significant amount of waste and wastewater. These residues should be addressed for recycling or treatment before being returned to environment. As each winery is unique in waste generation and disposal, plans for environmentally friendly waste management are not universal and should be tested for their effectiveness. In this study, a diagnostic was made during three years, in different wineries, throughout Portugal, in order to quantify and characterize the waste and the wastewater produced. The results showed that solid waste and wastewater are mainly produced during the harvest period, corresponding to 74% and 87%, respectively. One ton of processed grape approximately produce 0.13 t marc, 0.06 t lees, 0.03 t of stalks and 1.65 m of wastewater. No significant differences ( ≤0.05) were observed for grape marc, lees and wastewater ratios, between years or wineries. With respect to the stalk ratio, there was no effect of year but the winery significantly affected this ratio ( ≤0.05). During the study period the treated wastewater, since diluted, revealed suitable characteristics for irrigation representing an additional source of water. In this regard, the data acquisition and consolidation ensure the transfer of information and experience which constitute an essential step in a support decision tool design.

关键词： waste management wastewater reuse winery wastewater

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Data-driven distribution network topology identification considering correlated generation power of distributed

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第1期页码 121-129 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0780-x

摘要： This paper proposes a data-driven topology identification method for distribution systems with distributed energy resources (DERs). First, a neural network is trained to depict the relationship between nodal power injections and voltage magnitude measurements, and then it is used to generate synthetic measurements under independent nodal power injections, thus eliminating the influence of correlated nodal power injections on topology identification. Second, a maximal information coefficient-based maximum spanning tree algorithm is developed to obtain the network topology by evaluating the dependence among the synthetic measurements. The proposed method is tested on different distribution networks and the simulation results are compared with those of other methods to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： power distribution network data-driven topology identification distributed energy resource maximal information coefficient

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机器学习和数据驱动算法在智慧发电系统中的应用——一种不确定性处理的视角 Review

孙立, Fengqi You

《工程（英文）》 2021年第7卷第9期页码 1239-1247 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.04.020

摘要：

由于人们对气候变化和环境保护的日益关注，智慧发电已成为常规火力发电厂和可再生能源系统经济安全运行的关键。面对日益增长的系统规模及其各种不确定性，传统的基于模型的第一定律方法已难以满足系统控制的要求。机器学习（ML）和数据驱动控制（DDC）技术的蓬勃发展为这些传统方法提供了一种替代方案。本文回顾了机器学习和数据驱动控制技术在发电系统监测、控制、优化和故障检测方面的典型应用，特别着重于揭示这些方法在评价、消除或耐受相关不确定性影响方面的作用。本文为智慧发电控制技术提供了一个从调节层到规划层的总体视角，分别从可见性、机动性、灵活性、经济性和安全性（简称“五性”）方面对机器学习和数据驱动控制技术的优势进行阐释。最后，对未来研究和应用进行了展望。

关键词：智慧发电机器学习数据驱动控制系统工程

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新一代人工智能技术引领下加快发展智能制造技术、产业与应用

李伯虎,柴旭东,张霖,侯宝存,刘阳

《中国工程科学》 2018年第20卷第4期页码 73-78 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.04.012

摘要：

当前，正在进入“新互联网+大数据+人工智能+”时代，新一代人工智能技术引领下的智能制造系统是一种“新互联网+新智能制造资源/能力/产品”的人/机/物/环境/信息新型智能互联制造系统。本文阐释了新一代人工智能技术引领下的智能制造系统的内涵、体系架构、技术系统，探讨了新一代人工智能技术引领下的智能制造系统雏形初探——航天云网中的基于大数据智能技术，提出了发展新一代人工智能技术引领下的智能制造系统的若干建议，特别是重视技术、应用和产业的协调发展，在突出各国、各行业、各企业特色的同时，加强与全国、乃至全球的合作与交流，进而形成新时代下智能制造新模式、新手段和新业态。

关键词：新一代智能制造新型智能互联制造系统大数据智能

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信息科学应引领未来的生物医学研究 Perspective

Kenta Nakai

《工程（英文）》 2019年第5卷第6期页码 1155-1158 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.07.023

摘要：

笔者从长期回顾的角度阐述了对人工智能（AI）/数据科学与生物医学之间关系的看法。随着新技术的不断出现，现代生物医学的发展持续加速。由于所有生命系统基本上都受其自身DNA中信息的支配，因此信息科学对生物医学的研究具有特别重要的意义。与物理学不同，在生物学中没有发现（或很少有）主导定律。因此，在生物学中，“数据到知识”方法很重要。人工智能在历史上一直应用于生物医学，最近的新闻表明，基于人工智能的方法在国际蛋白质结构预测竞争中获得了最佳性能，这可能被视为该领域的另一个里程碑。类似的方法可能有助于解决基因组序列解释中的问题，如确定患者基因组中的癌症驱动突变。最近，新一代测序（NGS）的爆炸性发展已产生大量数据，并且这种趋势将加速。NGS不仅用于“读取”DNA序列，而且还用于在单细胞水平上获得各种类型的信息。这些数据可以视为气候模拟中的网格数据点。数据科学和人工智能对于这些数据的综合解释/模拟都将变得至关重要，并将在未来的精密医学中起主导作用。

关键词：数据科学人工智能下一代测序脱氧核糖核酸癌症基因组单细胞转录组学

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面向金融场景的下一代数据库测试基准研究

荆一楠 ,张寒冰,李智鑫 ,王晓阳 ,吴杰,柴洪峰

《中国工程科学》 2022年第24卷第4期页码 121-132 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.04.014

摘要： -47be-9F58-225D22A87C21-F001.jpg" type="outline">《图1》

data-lightbox-47be-9F58-225D22A87C21-F002.jpg" type="outline">《图2》

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data-lightboxFunding project:Chinese Academy of Engineering project “Strategic Research on Financial Data

关键词：金融业银行金融数据数据库测试基准

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Studies on advanced water-cooled reactors beyond generation III for power generation

CHENG Xu

《能源前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第2期页码 141-149 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0018-6

摘要： China s ambitious nuclear power program motivates the country s nuclear community to develop advanced reactor concepts beyond generation III to ensure a long-term, stable, and sustainable development of nuclear power. The paper discusses some main criteria for the selection of future water-cooled reactors by considering the specific Chinese situation. Based on the suggested selection criteria, two new types of water-cooled reactors are recommended for future Chinese nuclear power generation. The high conversion pressurized water reactor utilizes the present PWR technology to a large extent. With a conversion ratio of about 0.95, the fuel utilization is increased about 5 times. This significantly improves the sustainability of fuel resources. The supercritical water-cooled reactor has favorable features in economics, sustainability and technology availability. It is a logical extension of the generation III PWR technology in China. The status of international R&D work is reviewed. A new supercritical water-cooled reactor (SCWR) core structure (the mixed reactor core) and a new fuel assembly design (two-rows FA) are proposed. The preliminary analysis using a coupled neutron-physics/thermal-hydraulics method is carried out. It shows good feasibility for the new design proposal.

关键词： Chinese situation selection generation water-cooled feasibility

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Synthesis and photoconductivities of bisazo charge generation materials

ZHAO Qian, WANG Shirong, LI Xianggao, HE Lili

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第3期页码 330-334 doi: 10.1007/s11705-008-0061-9

摘要： Six bisazo compounds were synthesized by coupling 2-(4′-aminophenyl)-6-aminobenzoxazole as diazo component with -phenyl-′-(2-hydroxy-3-naphthoyl)urea derivatives, and characterized by ultraviolet and visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and elemental analysis (EA). Using these bisazo compounds as charge generation materials and CT-191(2-methyl-4-(-dibenzyl)aminobenzoaldehyde-1,1-diphenylhydrazone) as charge transportation material, organic photoconductive devices were prepared. The result from photoconductivity measurement of the devices shows that the bisazo compound from -(2-methylphenyl)-′-(2-hydroxy-3-naphthoyl)urea has the best xerographic performance, = 600 V, = 30 V, = 15 Vs, = 3.5 lxs.

关键词： -6-aminobenzoxazole 4′-aminophenyl transportation xerographic performance generation

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Self-generation of machining precision and its realization in lapping of super precision solid balls

ZHANG Bopeng

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第3卷第3期页码 348-353 doi: 10.1007/s11465-008-0065-7

摘要： This paper presents the principle of self-generation of machining precision by explaining its basic concept and five necessary conditions for forming a system with self-organization capability. A self-generation system is a kind of system with self-organization capability. The self-generation of machining precision for solid balls with super precision is emphatically explained. From the viewpoint of self-organization, there are three types of systems including system 1 with the self-regulation capability, 2 with the self-determination capability of goals, and 3 with the self-organization capability. Although they are all closed loop control systems, they have different constructions and functions. Necessary conditions for achieving self-generation of machining precision are given. Establishment of the system for machining solid balls with super precision is discussed. Self-generation of machining precision for solid balls with super precision on the basis of the capability of self-removal of errors is presented. Self-generation includes the ability of self-removal of errors for solid balls, convergence of self-removal of errors, self-generation of precision, and self-generating system for the given.

关键词： self-generation necessary self-regulation capability viewpoint Necessary

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A review on technologies with electricity generation potentials using liquified natural gas regasification

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第3期页码 332-379 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0863-y

摘要： In modern times, worldwide requirements to curb greenhouse gas emissions, and increment in energy demand due to the progress of humanity, have become a serious concern. In such scenarios, the effective and efficient utilization of the liquified natural gas (LNG) regasification cold energy (RCE), in the economically and environmentally viable methods, could present a great opportunity in tackling the core issues related to global warming across the world. In this paper, the technologies that are widely used to harness the LNG RCE for electrical power have been reviewed. The systems incorporating, the Rankine cycles, Stirling engines, Kalina cycles, Brayton cycles, Allam cycles, and fuel cells have been considered. Additionally, the economic and environmental studies apart from the thermal studies have also been reviewed. Moreover, the discussion regarding the systems with respect to the regassification pressure of the LNG has also been provided. The aim of this paper is to provide guidelines for the prospective researchers and policy makers in their decision making.

关键词： liquified natural gas cold energy power generation

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Hybrid method integrating machine learning and particle swarm optimization for smart chemical process operations

Haoqin Fang, Jianzhao Zhou, Zhenyu Wang, Ziqi Qiu, Yihua Sun, Yue Lin, Ke Chen, Xiantai Zhou, Ming Pan

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第2期页码 274-287 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2043-0

摘要： Modeling and optimization is crucial to smart chemical process operations. However, a large number of nonlinearities must be considered in a typical chemical process according to complex unit operations, chemical reactions and separations. This leads to a great challenge of implementing mechanistic models into industrial-scale problems due to the resulting computational complexity. Thus, this paper presents an efficient hybrid framework of integrating machine learning and particle swarm optimization to overcome the aforementioned difficulties. An industrial propane dehydrogenation process was carried out to demonstrate the validity and efficiency of our method. Firstly, a data set was generated based on process mechanistic simulation validated by industrial data, which provides sufficient and reasonable samples for model training and testing. Secondly, four well-known machine learning methods, namely, K-nearest neighbors, decision tree, support vector machine, and artificial neural network, were compared and used to obtain the prediction models of the processes operation. All of these methods achieved highly accurate model by adjusting model parameters on the basis of high-coverage data and properly features. Finally, optimal process operations were obtained by using the particle swarm optimization approach.

关键词： smart chemical process operations data generation hybrid method machine learning particle swarm optimization

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A review of systematic evaluation and improvement in the big data environment

Feng YANG, Manman WANG

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2020年第7卷第1期页码 27-46 doi: 10.1007/s42524-020-0092-6

摘要： The era of big data brings unprecedented opportunities and challenges to management research. As one of the important functions of management decision-making, evaluation has been given more functions and application space. Exploring the applicable evaluation methods in the big data environment has become an important subject of research. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview and discussion of systematic evaluation and improvement in the big data environment. We first review the evaluation methods based on the main analytic techniques of big data such as data mining, statistical methods, optimization and simulation, and deep learning. Focused on the characteristics of big data (association feature, data loss, data noise, and visualization), the relevant evaluation methods are given. Furthermore, we explore the systematic improvement studies and application fields. Finally, we analyze the new application areas of evaluation methods and give the future directions of evaluation method research in a big data environment from six aspects. We hope our research could provide meaningful insights for subsequent research.

关键词： big data evaluation methods systematic improvement big data analytic techniques data mining

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Data quality assessment for studies investigating microplastics and nanoplastics in food products: Arecurrent data reliable?

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第8期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1694-0

摘要：

● Data quality assessment criteria for MP/NPs in food products were developed.

关键词： Microplastic Nanoplastic Food products Data quality Human health risk

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Blockchain application in healthcare service mode based on Health Data Bank

Jianxia GONG, Lindu ZHAO

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2020年第7卷第4期页码 605-614 doi: 10.1007/s42524-020-0138-9

摘要： Blockchain is commonly considered a potential disruptive technology. Moreover, the healthcare industry has experienced rapid growth in the adoption of health information technology, such as electronic health records and electronic medical records. To guarantee data privacy and data security as well as to harness the value of health data, the concept of Health Data Bank (HDB) is proposed. In this study, HDB is defined as an integrated health data service institution, which bears no “ownership” of health data and operates health data under the principal–agent model. This study first comprehensively reviews the main characters of blockchain and identifies the blockchain-based healthcare industry projects and startups in the areas of health insurance, pharmacy, and medical treatment. Then, we analyze the fundamental principles of HDB and point out four challenges faced by HDB’s sustainable development: (1) privacy protection and interoperability of health data; (2) data rights; (3) health data supervision; (4) and willingness to share health data. We also analyze the important benefits of blockchain adoption in HDB. Furthermore, three application scenarios including distributed storage of health data, smart-contract-based healthcare service mode, and consensus-algorithm-based incentive policy are proposed to shed light on HDB-based healthcare service mode. In the end, this study offers insights into potential research directions and challenges.

关键词： Health Data Bank blockchain data assets smart contract incentive mechanism

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Performance of a bi-layer solar steam generation system working at a high-temperature of top surface

Jinxin ZHONG, Congliang HUANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第1期页码 141-148 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0725-4

摘要： Many efforts have been focused on enhancing the vapor generation in bi-layer solar steam generation systems for obtaining as much pure water as possible. However, the methods to enhance the vapor temperature is seldom studied although the high-temperature vapor has a wide use in medical sterilization and electricity generation. In this work, to probe the high-temperature vapor system, an improved macroscopic heat and mass transfer model was proposed. Then, using the finite element method to solve the model, the influences of some main factors on the evaporation efficiency and vapor temperature were discussed, including effects of the vapor transport conditions and the heat dissipation conditions. The results show that the high-temperature vapor could not be obtained by enhancing the heat-insulating property of the bi-layer systems but by applying the optimal porosity and proper absorbers. This paper is expected to provide some information for designing a bi-layered system to produce high-temperature vapor.

关键词： solar steam generation solar energy numerical method porous material